![]() But, as Truman lamented years later in a Washington Post op-ed, the agency became an operational arm of government. A brand-new agency called the Psychological Strategy Board was now part of the National Security Council, and the CIA under Dulles and Eisenhower was starting to flex muscles it hadn’t yet tried to use.Īt the CIA’s inception in 1947, President Truman had envisioned its job as collecting information, so that presidents could make better decisions. This was relatively novel at the time - and also exciting. So once the Dulles brothers decided they were going to use psychological warfare to overthrow President Árbenz, they needed to figure out who exactly would do what - and how to keep the words “United States of America” out of it. The first order of business for any covert information operation is to staff up in a way that keeps the mastermind at maximum arm’s length from any dirty work. Stage 1 in the CIA’s step-by-step plan to overthrow the government of Guatemala. Need to catch up? Click here to start at the beginning. The interaction between people in a conversation, such as turn-taking, interruptions and listener response, can reveal aspects of cultural conventions and social roles.You’re reading our 7-part true story about the original fake news network. Non-verbal aspects of speech, such as tone of voice, pauses, gestures, and sounds like “um”, can reveal aspects of a speaker’s intentions, attitudes, and emotions. Texts can be analyzed in relation to the conventions and communicative aims of their genre (e.g., political speeches or tabloid newspaper articles). ![]() The structure of a text can be analyzed for how it creates emphasis or builds a narrative. The way that sentences are constructed (e.g., verb tenses, active or passive construction, and the use of imperatives and questions) can reveal aspects of intended meaning. ![]() Words and phrases can be analyzed for ideological associations, formality, and euphemistic and metaphorical content. Critical discourse analysis Level of communication The selected sources can be analyzed on multiple levels. Instead of focusing on smaller units of language, such as sounds, words or phrases, discourse analysis is used to study larger chunks of language, such as entire conversations, texts, or collections of texts. to build trust, to create doubt, to evoke emotions, or to manage conflict). It focuses on the social aspects of communication and the ways people use language to achieve specific effects (e.g. Unlike linguistic approaches that focus only on the rules of language use, discourse analysis emphasizes the contextual meaning of language. How is discourse analysis different from other methods? Websites, forums, social media posts and commentsīy analyzing these types of discourse, researchers aim to gain an understanding of social groups and how they communicate.Marketing material, such as brochures and advertisements.Materials that are suitable for discourse analysis include: It can be applied to any instance of written or oral language, as well as non-verbal aspects of communication such as tone and gestures. ![]() How is discourse analysis different from other methods?Ĭonducting discourse analysis means examining how language functions and how meaning is created in different social contexts.
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